an average of 2.2%
About what share of global GDP went to R&D back in 2015?
That 2015 figure was higher than the 2018 reading, showing R&D intensity isn't a steadily rising line.
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2015) en.wikipedia.org
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About what share of GDP did Sweden spend on R&D in 2022, the third-highest rate worldwide?

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an average of 2.2%
That 2015 figure was higher than the 2018 reading, showing R&D intensity isn't a steadily rising line.
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2015) en.wikipedia.org
3.45% of GDP
That put the U.S. behind leaders like Israel and South Korea, despite spending the most in total dollars.
Source: OECD data (2022) en.wikipedia.org
41.4% of $156 billion
Defense research has long made up the largest single slice of the federal government's R&D budget.
Source: U.S. federal budget data (2020) en.wikipedia.org
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